Comparison of Mixed H 2 H∞ with Regional Pole Placement Control and H 2 Optimal Control for the Design of Steam Condenser

This paper investigates the comparison between mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement control and H 2 optimal control for the design of steam condenser. The comparison have been made for a step change in the steam condenser pressure set point for a step change of 10 & 23 seconds using MATLAB/Simulink environment for the steam condenser with mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement controller, steam condenser with H 2 optimal controller and steam condenser without controller. The steam condenser with mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement controller presented excellent and superior dynamic performance in response to the two step changes and an improvement in settling time. The overall simulation results demonstrated that the steam condenser with mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement controller can be an efficient alternative to the steam condenser with H 2 optimal controller for the steam condenser

"Interest Groups in the Regions: Economic, Organizational, and Institutional Approaches"

In this paper first I discuss how changes in the EU affect regional interest groups and then I present three approaches for explaining their responses: economic, organizational, and institutional. I proceed with an empirical test of the political institutional variable -- specifically, political decentralization -- in a bivariate analysis of regional interest group strategies. This is done in a paired multi-sectoral comparison of French and Italian business associations. The investigation uses a most similar case design; by conducting the research in similar border regions of similar countries, I ensure adequate control over alternative explanatory variables. The project is also designed as a "crucial case" comparison. There is a distinct, but relatively small, difference in the degree of regional autonomy in Italy and France, which makes for a demanding test of the neo-institutional approach. The data support the hypothesis that the territorial distribution of power has a significant effect on the strategies of regional economic interest groups

African Regional Integration: Implications for Food Security

This report looks at the African regional trade, regional integration agreements (RIAs) and the implications for food security. An overview is presented on the present state of African regional integration and the determinants of regional trade in agriculture and food commodities. In particular the study focuses on eight target countries, related RIAs and a set of strategic food commodities. The evidence presented in this study shows that African countries have made progress in opening up agriculture and food trade with partner countries. With, the exception of Ghana, Tanzania and Mozambique, the effective applied tariff rates for regional trade partners are substantially lower than the (MFN) rates applied to world trade partners. Nonetheless, regional trade in agriculture and food only increased marginally between 1990 and 2009, and is relatively low in comparison with other developing regions. The weak state of soft and hard infrastructure, rather than high trade tariffs, seem to be the cause of thi

Recent Immigration to Philadelphia: Regional Change in a Re-Emerging Gateway

Analyzes 1970-2006 trends in the growth and characteristics of the city's immigrant population. Presents data by regional origin, settlement area, arrival year, citizenship status, age, gender, education, and language, and in comparison with other cities

Value Allocation in Regional Shopping Centers

Understanding consumer shopping patterns is essential in estimating the value of regional shopping centers. Consumer shopping behavior determines retail sales at regional shopping centers which, in turn, impacts shopping center rents and value. This article quantifies the effects of consumer shopping behavior on nonanchor tenant sales in regional shopping centers. The results of this study reveal that the effects of location, comparison shopping, and department store image are important in estimating shopping center patronage and retail sales. They also indicate that the value of a mall can be allocated to real estate and non-real estate value

A REGIONAL COMPARISON OF U.S. COTTON BASIS PATTERNS

The basis, defined as the cash price minus the futures price, is important when making marketing decisions. The cotton basis is calculated using the July futures price for six major cotton marketing regions in the U.S. for August 1993 to November 1997. Graphs of the average basis for the four complete crop years show that the basis generally followed the expected seasonal pattern. The basis tended to be weakest at harvest and to strengthen later in the crop year. However, a visual inspection showed regional differences in the seasonal pattern. Regional differences in the yearly variability in the basis were also observed. Thus, the usefulness of the average historical basis in predicting the future basis appears to differ depending on the region.Demand and Price Analysis,

What the Nation Spends on Health Care: A Regional Comparison

[Excerpt] The average household in the United States spent just over $700 more on health care in 1997 than in 1987,$1,841 compared to $1,135, respectively. During this period, health care expenditures rose at a greater rate in the Midwest than in the other major regions. Midwestern consumer units spent 73 percent more on health care in 1997 than in 1987, compared to increases in the Northeast, South, and West of 63, 58, and 56 percent, respectively. Households in the Midwest and South spent an average of about$1,900 on health care in 1997, between 6 and 11 percent more than their counterparts in the Northeast and West

Marked long-term decline in ambient CO mixing ratio in SE England, 1997–2014:Evidence of policy success in improving air quality

Atmospheric CO at Egham in SE England has shown a marked and progressive decline since 1997, following adoption of strict controls on emissions. The Egham site is uniquely positioned to allow both assessment and comparison of ‘clean Atlantic background’ air and CO-enriched air downwind from the London conurbation. The decline is strongest (approximately 50ppb per year) in the 1997–2003 period but continues post 2003. A ‘local CO increment’ can be identified as the residual after subtraction of contemporary background Atlantic CO mixing ratios from measured values at Egham. This increment, which is primarily from regional sources (during anticyclonic or northerly winds) or from the European continent (with easterly air mass origins), has significant seasonality, but overall has declined steadily since 1997. On many days of the year CO measured at Egham is now not far above Atlantic background levels measured at Mace Head (Ireland). The results are consistent with MOPITT satellite observations and ‘bottom-up’ inventory results. Comparison with urban and regional background CO mixing ratios in Hong Kong demonstrates the importance of regional, as opposed to local reduction of CO emission. The Egham record implies that controls on emissions subsequent to legislation have been extremely successful in the UK

Identities with historical regions – are they adapting to modern administrative division? The case of Ukraine

Historical regions remain the most common basis for the formation or promotion of regional identities in Europe. However, regions and regional identities are in the process of constant formation and can change significantly in line with new conditions. In this paper we focused on the changes of the spatial spread of identities with historical regions in Ukraine in comparison to the initial boundaries of those. The results show that identities with historical regions are markedly adapting to modern administrative boundaries. At the same time, the symbolic value of historical regions constitutes an essential element of identity building in contemporary administrative regions